Effect of Advanced Trauma Life Support program on medical interns' performance in simulated trauma patient management / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Since appropriate and time-table methods in trauma care have an important impact on patients'outcome, we evaluated the effect of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) program on medical interns' performance in simulated trauma patient management.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A descriptive and analytical study before and after the training was conducted on 24 randomly selected undergraduate medical interns from Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran. On the first day, we assessed interns' clinical knowledge and their practical skill performance in confronting simulated trauma patients. After 2 days of ATLS training, we performed the same study and evaluated their score again on the fourth day. The two findings, pre- and post- ATLS periods, were compared through SPSS version 15.0 software. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Our findings showed that interns'ability in all the three tasks improved after the training course. On the fourth day after training, there was a statistically significant increase in interns' clinical knowledge of ATLS procedures, the sequence of procedures and skill performance in trauma situations (P less than 0.001, P equal to 0.016 and P equal to 0.01 respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ATLS course has an important role in increasing clinical knowledge and practical skill performance of trauma care in medical interns.</p>

[ evaluation of transverse genicular ligament frequency in mris in rasool-e-akram hospital]

Transvers geniculate ligament does not exist in all people and in some articles it was mentioned as a normal variation. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of transverse geniculate ligament in an Iranian's people sample. It was a descriptive-analytic and prospective study. It was conducted on one hundred and fifteen patients with different indication for knee MRI. Transverse ligament prevalence with 95% confidence intervals for its length and width were calculated through SPSS software. Finding showed that prevalence of transverse genicular ligament was 53.9%. There was no statistically relationship between exist of this ligament and sex of patients [P=0.5]. Average length and width of this ligament were 30.158; 95%CI [20.0-42.70] mm and 2.299; 95%CI [0.5-4.20] mm respectively. There wasn't statistically relationship between exist of this ligament and age of participants either [P=0.161]. Although our study sample possessed partly high frequency of transverse ligament prevalence, it still need to be more studies in different people in other races and countries to evaluate true prevalence of this ligament. Also physicians must be informed about this partly high frequency.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of adults to the protective actions against sun in northwest Tehran, Iran

Wrong beliefs about risky actions such as sunbathing and tanning are common due to media advertisements or general lack of knowledge. This work has focused on the knowledge and attitude of a group of citizens in Tehran, Iran and the protective actions they take regarding undesirable effects of the sun. a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study has been conducted on 400 randomly selected individuals from the citizens of Shahrak-E-Gharb, an area in northwest Tehran. A questionnaire comprising 24 questions including demographic information, individuals' knowledge about sun exposure, and their opinions and behaviors on protective actions towards solar radiation were used to assess study objectives. Crude and adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for socio-demographic factors were calculated through univariate and multivariable logistic regression. The majority of participants had good knowledge about sun protective behaviors. Knowledge about sun exposure duration and tanning was higher among women and those with higher education. As for attitude, only 15% were concerned about skin cancer and 61.8% thought skin cancer can be prevented by sun protection. Higher education was associated with a more positive attitude towards tanning. Among respondents, 41% had suitable clothing to protect themselves against sun burn and only 32% used sunscreen most of the time. University graduates had significantly better practice towards using sunscreen cream compared to high school graduates. Although our study sample possessed good knowledge towards sun protection, their attitude and practices were unsatisfactory. Thereby, they need to be informed and educated as how to be safely protected against excessive sun exposure

[Obstetric outcomes in pregnant women with and without uterine leiomyoma]

Background: Uterine leiomyomas [myomas] are the most frequent benign uterine tumors, several studies have suggested that each leiomyoma arises from a single neoplastic cell within the smooth muscle of myometrium and in 4 percent of pregnant women, sonographically detectable myomas are present

Methods and Materials: A cohort study done in years of 1385-86 to compare obstetric outcomes between normal pregnant and pregnant women with myomas, 87 pregnant with myoma and 375 normal pregnant selected for pre, intra and post partum complications

Results: Myoma in pregnancy is a risk factor for first trimester bleeding, spontaneous first trimester abortion, placenta previa, noncephalic presentation, post partum hemorrhage and cesarean delivery but frequency of preterm labor, premature rupture of membrane, placental abruption and intra uterine growth restriction were not different between group with myoma and control group. Furthermore the rate of post partum hemorrhage in group with myoma larger than 5cm in diameter was greater than in group with myoma 5cm or smaller in diameter [P=0.02]. After multiple logistic regression analysis, advanced maternal age, nulliparity were independently associated with presence of myoma in pregnancy

Conclusion: Presence of myoma documented by gestational sonography is associated with high risk pregnancies which necessitate patient education and labor staff preparation for intra and post partum probable complications controlling